In accordance with the Land Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan (hereinafter referred to as the Code), the entire land fund of the country is divided into 7 following categories according to their intended purpose:
The use of the land plot must correspond to its intended purpose. The legal regime of land is determined on the basis of their belonging to a particular category and the permitted use in accordance with the zoning of land (territory).
The assignment of lands to the specified categories, as well as the transfer of lands from one category to another in connection with a change in their intended purpose, are carried out by the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan, local executive bodies of regions, cities of republican significance, the capital, districts, cities of regional significance, within their competence according to ; provision and withdrawal of land plots, including for state needs, established by law.
Land in the Republic of Kazakhstan is in state ownership. Land plots may also be in private ownership on the grounds, conditions and within the limits established by law.
Article 20 of the Land Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan establishes that the Republic of Kazakhstan recognizes and equally protects state and private ownership of land.
Subjects of ownership:
State-owned land plots may be provided for private ownership by citizens and non-state legal entities, with the exception of land plots that, in accordance with the Code, cannot be privately owned.
Land plots located in the border strip of the State Border of the Republic of Kazakhstan are not provided for private ownership and temporary land use.
It is allowed to use agricultural land located within the border strip of the State Border of the Republic of Kazakhstan by the population for grazing farm animals of a personal farmstead and haying without the right to erect any buildings (structures, structures).
Privately owned by citizens of the Republic of Kazakhstan there may be land plots for running a peasant or farm enterprise, personal subsidiary plots, afforestation, gardening, individual housing and summer cottage construction, as well as provided (provided) for development or built up with industrial and non-industrial, including residential, buildings (structures, structures) and their complexes, including lands intended for the maintenance of buildings (structures, structures) in accordance with their purpose.
Upon termination of the citizenship of the Republic of Kazakhstan from a person who is the owner of a land plot provided for running a peasant or farm enterprise, personal subsidiary farming, afforestation, gardening and summer cottage construction, from the citizenship of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the right of ownership is subject to alienation or re-registration in accordance with the norms of Article 66 of the Land Code.
Private property of non-state legal entities of the Republic of Kazakhstan may include land provided (provided) for agricultural production, afforestation, for development or built up with industrial and non-industrial, including residential, buildings (structures, structures) and their complexes, including lands intended for the maintenance of buildings (structures, structures) in accordance and with their purpose.